What kind of programming method helps in focusing on higher-level concerns instead of lower-level details?

Abstraction is a fundamental programming concept that allows developers to focus on the essential characteristics of an object or system without delving into the intricate details. By using abstraction, programmers can simplify complex realities by modeling classes based on the essential attributes and behaviors relevant to a particular context. This enables them to work on high-level functionality while ignoring unnecessary complexity.

For instance, when you think of a car, you don't need to know the details about how the engine works to appreciate its operation; you just need to know that it can be driven, has a steering wheel, and can accelerate. Abstraction in programming works similarly, enabling programmers to create code that is easier to read, maintain, and reuse.

The other concepts, such as polymorphism, inheritance, and iteration, serve different roles in programming. Polymorphism allows methods to do different things based on the object that it is acting upon. Inheritance enables a new class to inherit properties and behaviors from an existing class, promoting code reuse. Iteration refers to the process of repeatedly executing a block of code until a certain condition is met. Each of these features contributes to programming, but they do not directly provide the same high-level focus that abstraction does.