What characteristic is common in object-oriented programming?

In object-oriented programming (OOP), a key characteristic is the emphasis on encapsulating data within objects. This means that OOP combines both data and the methods that operate on that data into single units called objects. By encapsulating data, OOP allows for the bundling of data attributes and behaviors together, providing a clear structure and promoting organized code. This encapsulation enhances data security and integrity by controlling access to the data and preventing external interference.

Furthermore, this characteristic supports the concepts of inheritance and polymorphism, enabling more complex functionalities and interactions among various objects, which are central to object-oriented design principles. Encapsulation helps in maintaining code reliability, making it easier to understand, maintain, and extend.