In pair programming, what roles do the two programmers typically take?

In pair programming, the two programmers typically take on the roles of driver and observer. The driver is the person who actively writes the code, manipulating the keyboard and implementing the ideas that the pair discusses. This role requires a focus on the immediate task at hand, as the driver is responsible for translating the concepts into functioning code.

The observer, often referred to as the navigator or co-pilot, takes on the role of reviewing the driver’s work, thinking strategically about the overall direction of the programming task, and offering suggestions or catching errors before they’re finalized. This collaborative setup allows for real-time feedback, the sharing of ideas, and enhanced problem-solving, which can lead to more efficient and effective coding practices.

This division of responsibilities supports a productive working relationship, leveraging the strengths of each programmer while fostering communication and collaboration.